What are dental caries?
Dental caries is a progressive lesion of the tooth caused by bacteria naturally present in the mouth. These germs develop in dental plaque, produce acids that attack the enamel, then the dentine, and eventually reach the dental pulp if no treatment is administered.
It affects all ages, from young children to the elderly. If left untreated, a cavity can lead to significant pain, an abscess, or even tooth loss.
Causes of Dental Caries: Why Do They Form?
Understanding the mechanisms of cavity formation is essential to better prevent them.
Sugary diet, insufficient hygiene, dental plaque… Several factors promote enamel demineralization and the appearance of cavities. Learn to identify the main causes to act effectively in prevention and durably protect your teeth.
Dental Plaque
Dental plaque is a sticky deposit composed of bacteria, food debris, and saliva. It accumulates on teeth after each meal. In the absence of effective brushing, it calcifies and becomes tartar, an aggravating factor for cavities and gum diseases.
Sugar, the Main Enemy of Teeth
Oral bacteria transform sugar into acid. Industrial sugar (sodas, cakes, sweets) is particularly harmful. Frequent snacking exposes teeth to constant acid attack.
Insufficient Oral Hygiene
Irregular brushing, without fluoride toothpaste, allows bacteria to thrive. Misaligned teeth or those with pronounced relief more easily retain food residues.
Natural Fragility of Teeth
Some people have thinner enamel or teeth more vulnerable to acids, which promotes the appearance of cavities.
The Protective Role of Saliva
Saliva is a true natural shield: it neutralizes acids, cleans the mouth, and helps remineralize enamel. Certain diseases or medications can reduce salivary production (hyposalivation), thereby increasing the risk of cavities.
How to Recognize a Cavity?
The first signs can be subtle:
Sensitivity to cold, heat, or sugar
Small brownish spots on the tooth
Spontaneous pain
Persistent bad breath
An early consultation allows for treating the cavity before it reaches the pulp.
Cavities in Children: Utmost Vigilance
Baby teeth are more fragile and cavities can develop rapidly in them. Parent-assisted brushing, regular check-ups, and a balanced diet are essential from an early age.
“Baby bottle tooth decay” occurs when a child falls asleep with a sugary bottle: the teeth are bathed in a sugary liquid, promoting rapid demineralization.
Cavity Treatment
Depending on the progression of the cavity, several options are possible:
Preventing Cavities: The Right Habits
Prevention is better than cure: dental caries is a preventable condition thanks to a few simple actions and daily vigilance.
Good Daily Hygiene
- Brushing teeth at least twice a day with fluoride toothpaste
- Use of dental floss or interdental brushes
- Mouthwash if recommended by the dentist
A Healthy Diet
- Limit refined sugars and snacking
- Opt for regular meals
- Drink water to clean the mouth between meals
Regular Dental Check-ups
Preventive consultations every 6 to 12 months allow for early detection and painless treatment of cavities.
Preserve Your Smile: Act Now
Do not let a cavity compromise your oral health. Book an appointment today at Dr Laurent SERS’ practice in Cannes for a comprehensive diagnosis and personalized treatment.
A quick check-up can prevent pain and more extensive treatments.
📍 Dental Practice 54 – 54 Rue d’Antibes, 06400 Cannes
📞 +33 4 93 69 48 01
